Sign up for tax alert emails    GTNU homepage    Tax newsroom    Email document    Print document    Download document

December 14, 2023
2023-2059

Saudi Arabia releases guidelines on related-party transactions for zakat purposes

  • The ZATCA has published new guidelines to clarify the zakat treatment of related-party transactions.
  • The guidelines classify related-party transactions in three categories: commercial transactions, indirect financing and direct financing.
  • The guidelines outline the applicability of the transfer pricing regulations and the transition phases, effective 1 January 2024.

Executive summary

In November 2023, Saudi Arabia's Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA) published the Guidelines on Related Party Transactions for Zakat purposes (Guidelines) on its website.

The purpose of the Guidelines is to clarify related-party transactions for zakat purposes and provide practical guidance on the zakat treatment for such transactions in accordance with the Zakat Bylaws issued through Ministerial Resolution No. 2216 dated 7/7/1440H.

Detailed discussion

Background

On 20 April 2023, the Board of Directors of the Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA) issued Decision No. (8-2-23) dated 28/08/1444AH (Decision), approving certain amendments to the current Transfer Pricing Bylaws to expand its scope to include zakat payers. The amendment to the Transfer Pricing Bylaws will take effect from 1 January 2024. See EY Global Alert, Saudi Arabia approves amendments to the Transfer Pricing Bylaws to include zakat payers as part of covered entities, dated 11 April 2023.

The ZATCA has issued the Guidelines to clarify the related-party transactions concept for zakat payers and its impact on the zakat.

Highlights of the Guidelines

The Guidelines provide extensive details and classify related-party transactions under the following categories:

  1. Commercial transactions (e.g., sale of goods and provision of services): For zakat computation, if the transaction is not based on the "arm's length" principle, adjustment for the excess amount is required.
  2. Indirect financing (e.g., payments of any cost or invoice by a related party on behalf of the zakat payer): This will not necessarily require an adjustment for zakat purposes.
  3. Direct financing (e.g., loan financing): This may include working capital financing, long-term shareholders' financing, related-party or shareholder's cash asset financing and related-party or shareholder's in-kind financing. Loans from related parties are generally treated as debts and equivalents for zakat purposes; however, based on their nature and terms, these may be reclassified as equity and treated accordingly.

The Guidelines clarify the cases in which credit balances of the above transactions should be treated as liabilities, and, as such, added to the zakat base as per Article 4(3) of the Zakat Bylaws. The ZATCA also clarifies the cases in which such credit balances are treated as equity elements and added to the zakat base in full.

The guidelines also address certain related-party transactions, related credit balances and their zakat treatment as follows:

  • If an amount due to a shareholder or a related party is classified as part of equity, it will be treated accordingly for zakat purposes based on Article (4)1 of the Zakat Bylaws.
  • Outstanding liabilities that arise from related-party transactions and classified as long-term, will be treated as such for zakat purposes based on Article (4)3 of the Zakat Bylaws, unless the substance of the transaction is of a capital nature.
  • If any liability resulting from related-party transactions is classified as short term, and the nature of such transaction is commercial, such liability should not be treated as capital.
  • Shareholder's loans in listed companies should be treated as equity or liabilities for zakat purposes, based on their classification in the financial statements.
  • Owners' and shareholder's loans in individual establishments and one-person companies are treated as equity (irrespective of their classification in the financial statements) and should be added to the zakat base without applying the capping rule.
  • Shareholders' loans in other capital companies will be treated as liabilities if the following conditions are met:
    • Financial statements audited by a licensed accountant in Saudi Arabia are available.
    • The shareholders' loans are classified under liabilities in the financial statements.
    • Debt financing agreement is available, including agreed terms of repayment and return/interest.
  • Where the debtor treats the due-to-related-party loans as "equity," the creditor will be able to deduct the loan receivable from the zakat base.
  • No offset is allowed between shareholders'/related parties' debit and credit balances that resulted from different commercial or financing transactions unless this is performed for accounting purposes.
  • Zakat payers' assets that are in the name of shareholders may be deducted from the zakat base even if the title is still with the shareholders, based on the following conditions:
    • There is a restriction or justifiable delay in transferring the title to the zakat payer.
    • The assets are used for the company's activities.
    • The assets represent in-kind capital contribution.
  • Shareholders' salaries and allowances are fully deductible expenses for zakat purposes if:
    • A legal employment contract is in place.
    • Registration with the General Organization for Social Insurance (GOSI) is completed.
    • The provisions of the Wages Protection System apply.

Implications

Taxpayers, zakat payers and businesses should assess the nature of their transactions with related party to determine the appropriate zakat treatment, adhering to the guidance provided in the Guidelines.

———————————————

For additional information with respect to this Alert, please contact the following:

Ernst & Young Professional Services (Professional LLC), Riyadh

Ernst & Young Professional Services (Professional LLC), Jeddah

Ernst & Young Professional Services (Professional LLC), Al Khobar

EY Consulting LLC, Dubai

Ernst & Young — Middle East, Bahrain

Ernst & Young LLP (United States), Middle East Tax Desk, New York

Published by NTD’s Tax Technical Knowledge Services group; Carolyn Wright, legal editor

 
 

The information contained herein is general in nature and is not intended, and should not be construed, as legal, accounting or tax advice or opinion provided by Ernst & Young LLP to the reader. The reader also is cautioned that this material may not be applicable to, or suitable for, the reader's specific circumstances or needs, and may require consideration of non-tax and other tax factors if any action is to be contemplated. The reader should contact his or her Ernst & Young LLP or other tax professional prior to taking any action based upon this information. Ernst & Young LLP assumes no obligation to inform the reader of any changes in tax laws or other factors that could affect the information contained herein.

 

Copyright © 2024, Ernst & Young LLP.

 

All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced, retransmitted or otherwise redistributed in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including by photocopying, facsimile transmission, recording, rekeying, or using any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from Ernst & Young LLP.

 

Any U.S. tax advice contained herein was not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, by the recipient for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed under the Internal Revenue Code or applicable state or local tax law provisions.

 

"EY" refers to the global organisation, and may refer to one or more, of the member firms of Ernst & Young Global Limited, each of which is a separate legal entity. Ernst & Young Global Limited, a UK company limited by guarantee, does not provide services to clients.

 

Privacy  |  Cookies  |  BCR  |  Legal  |  Global Code of Conduct Opt out of all email from EY Global Limited.

 


Cookie Settings

This site uses cookies to provide you with a personalized browsing experience and allows us to understand more about you. More information on the cookies we use can be found here. By clicking 'Yes, I accept' you agree and consent to our use of cookies. More information on what these cookies are and how we use them, including how you can manage them, is outlined in our Privacy Notice. Please note that your decision to decline the use of cookies is limited to this site only, and not in relation to other EY sites or ey.com. Please refer to the privacy notice/policy on these sites for more information.


Yes, I accept         Find out more